Things to Do in Adulis

Adulis stands as one of Eritrea's most significant archaeological treasures, representing the remnants of an ancient port city that once served as a crucial trading hub along the Red Sea coast. Located approximately 40 kilometers south of Massawa, this UNESCO World Heritage tentative site offers visitors a unique glimpse into the Aksumite Empire's maritime commercial network that flourished between the 1st and 7th centuries CE. The ancient city connected the African interior with the Mediterranean world, India, and beyond, making it one of the most important ports of the ancient world. Today, Adulis presents an extraordinary opportunity for history enthusiasts and archaeology lovers to explore extensive ruins that include ancient buildings, churches, and residential quarters scattered across a vast area near the modern village of Zula. The site features impressive stone foundations, ancient columns, and artifacts that tell the story of a cosmopolitan trading center where merchants from Rome, Byzantium, Persia, and India once conducted business. While still under archaeological investigation, Adulis offers visitors an authentic and relatively undiscovered historical experience in one of Africa's most important ancient sites.

Dining options near Adulis are limited, with most visitors eating in nearby Massawa or bringing packed meals for day trips. Massawa offers several restaurants serving traditional Eritrean cuisine including injera with various stews, fresh Red Sea fish, and Italian-influenced dishes reflecting the country's colonial history. Local specialties include zigni (spicy meat stew), kitfo (Ethiopian-style steak tartare), and fresh seafood preparations. The village of Zula may offer simple local meals through community tourism initiatives, providing authentic experiences with traditional coastal cuisine. Visitors should plan meals in advance and consider bringing water and snacks for site exploration.

The best time to visit Adulis is during Eritrea's dry season from October through March when temperatures are more moderate and rainfall is minimal. December through February offers the most comfortable conditions with daytime temperatures around 25-30°C (77-86°F) and cooler evenings. Avoid the extremely hot summer months from June through September when temperatures can exceed 40°C (104°F) and humidity is high. The shoulder months of April-May and October-November can be good alternatives with fewer crowds but still manageable weather conditions. Early morning visits are recommended year-round to avoid the strongest midday sun and heat.