Eritrea - Things to Do in Eritrea in December

Eritrea in December

December weather, activities, events & insider tips

December Weather in Eritrea

26°C (79°F) High Temp
15°C (59°F) Low Temp
5mm (0.2 inches) Rainfall
55% Humidity

Is December Right for You?

Advantages

  • Peak dry season with virtually no rainfall - only 5mm (0.2 inches) expected across the entire month, making it ideal for highland trekking and coastal exploration
  • Comfortable temperature range 15-26°C (59-79°F) with cool mornings perfect for hiking and warm afternoons ideal for Red Sea diving in 27°C (81°F) water
  • Crystal clear visibility for photography - dry air means impressive views of the Ethiopia and highland escarpments extend up to 50km (31 miles)
  • Tourist low season means accommodation rates are 30-40% lower than European summer months, and archaeological sites like Adulis have minimal crowds

Considerations

  • Strong northeastern winds (15-25 km/h or 9-16 mph) along the Red Sea coast can make boat trips choppy and affect snorkeling conditions on some days
  • High UV index of 9 combined with thin highland air at 2,400m (7,874 ft) elevation in Asmara means sunburn risk is severe - locals avoid midday sun 11am-3pm
  • Limited domestic flight schedules during December due to low tourist season - only 3 weekly flights to Massawa compared to 6 in peak months

Best Activities in December

Danakil Depression Geological Tours

December's dry conditions make the 4-day trek to Dallol sulfur springs and Erta Ale volcano safely accessible. Daytime temperatures reach 45°C (113°F) in the depression while highland camps are comfortable at 18°C (64°F). This is the only month when both sites are reliably accessible due to minimal rainfall blocking desert tracks.

Booking Tip: Book 3-4 weeks ahead through operators with 4WD vehicles and camping equipment. Tours typically cost $800-1,200 per person for 4 days. Ensure operators provide satellite communication for safety. Check current availability in booking section below.

Red Sea Coral Reef Diving

December offers the best underwater visibility of the year - up to 40m (131 ft) - with water temperatures at perfect 27°C (81°F). Coral spawning occurs mid-December, creating exceptional marine life activity. Surface conditions are calmer than summer months despite occasional wind.

Booking Tip: Book certified PADI operators 10-14 days ahead. Two-tank dives cost $60-90, equipment rental $25-35 per day. Morning dives (8am-11am) have calmest conditions. Current dive operators available in booking section below.

Highland Coffee Origin Tours

December coincides with coffee processing season when beans from October harvest are being prepared. Visit working farms around Mendefera at 1,800m (5,906 ft) elevation where temperatures are ideal 20-24°C (68-75°F). Participate in traditional roasting ceremonies that are central to Eritrean culture.

Booking Tip: Arrange through local guides for $40-60 per day including transport and meals. Coffee farms welcome visitors during processing season. Best accessed via day trips from Asmara. See current cultural tour options in booking section below.

Archaeological Site Explorations

Cool December weather makes extensive walking at sites like Adulis (ancient Red Sea port) and Qohaito (pre-Aksumite ruins) comfortable all day. Clear skies provide excellent photography conditions, and lack of summer heat stress allows for thorough exploration of petroglyphs and ancient structures.

Booking Tip: Independent visits possible with local guides for $30-50 per day. Sites require 4-6 hours minimum. Bring plenty of water despite cooler weather. Transportation and guide packages available through booking section below.

Asmara Art Deco Architecture Walking Tours

December's comfortable temperatures 18-25°C (64-77°F) make walking the UNESCO World Heritage city center pleasant all day. Crystal clear highland air provides perfect lighting for photographing the world's largest collection of intact Art Deco buildings from the 1930s Italian colonial period.

Booking Tip: Self-guided walks are free using official UNESCO maps from tourism office. Guided tours cost $25-40 for 3-4 hours. Start early morning (8am) for best photography light. Current guided tour options in booking section below.

Traditional Highland Village Experiences

December harvest celebrations in villages around Keren and Barentu showcase traditional Tigrinya and Kunama cultures. Cool mountain air at 1,500-2,000m (4,921-6,562 ft) makes walking between traditional tukuls (round houses) and participating in community activities comfortable.

Booking Tip: Arrange homestays through community tourism networks for $20-35 per night including meals. Respect photography protocols - always ask permission. Transport from Asmara takes 2-3 hours. Community experience options available in booking section below.

December Events & Festivals

All December

Orthodox Christmas Preparations (Genna)

Throughout December, Orthodox communities prepare for Genna (January 7th Christmas) with special church services and traditional brewing of sowa (honey wine). Witness ancient Ge'ez liturgical chanting in rock-hewn churches and participate in community preparations.

Early to Mid December

Coffee Roasting Season Ceremonies

December coffee processing season brings daily traditional coffee ceremonies in highland villages. Three-round ceremonies (abol, tona, baraka) become more elaborate during harvest processing, with special incense and traditional dress.

Essential Tips

What to Pack

SPF 50+ sunscreen - UV index reaches 9 at highland elevations with thin air amplifying exposure
Layered clothing system: t-shirts for 26°C (79°F) afternoons, fleece for 15°C (59°F) highland mornings
Sturdy hiking boots with ankle support for rocky volcanic terrain and 500-1,000m (1,640-3,281 ft) elevation changes
Wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses - highland sun is intense even in cooler temperatures
Lightweight long pants for mosque visits and protection from thorny desert vegetation
Insulated water bottle - staying hydrated is critical in dry 55% humidity conditions
Power bank and universal adapter - electricity in remote areas can be unreliable for 8+ hour days
Anti-diarrheal medication and basic first aid - medical facilities are limited outside Asmara
Cash in small denominations (Nakfa) - credit cards not accepted outside major Asmara hotels
Dust mask or bandana - December winds can kick up sand, especially near coastal areas

Insider Knowledge

Fuel shortages are common in December - if renting vehicles, confirm full tank and backup fuel arrangements with operators before departing Asmara
Thursday afternoons through Friday morning are prayer times when many services close - plan archaeological site visits and long-distance travel accordingly
Highland temperatures drop rapidly after sunset - restaurants and cafes close early (8pm) in smaller towns, stock up on snacks for evening hours
Photography permits are required for government buildings and some archaeological sites - obtain from Ministry of Tourism in Asmara before traveling to avoid site access issues

Avoid These Mistakes

Underestimating December wind conditions along the Red Sea coast - bring windbreaker even though temperatures are warm, as 25 km/h (16 mph) gusts make it feel much cooler
Not booking Ethiopia tours far enough in advance - only 2-3 operators run December trips and vehicles/guides fill up 3-4 weeks ahead
Assuming all highland areas have the Easttimor weather - Asmara at 2,400m (7,874 ft) can be 8-10°C (14-18°F) cooler than Keren at 1,400m (4,593 ft) on the Easttimor day

Activities in Eritrea